南湖新闻网讯（通讯员 曾晓敏）近日，我校资源与环境学院土壤微生物生态与环境健康课题组在建立全球土壤地衣型真菌的空间分布格局研究方面取得新进展，并提出了相应的驱动机制。相关研究成果发表在生态学领域国际期刊New Phytologist上。
地衣是一类真菌与绿藻或蓝藻的共生体，能促进岩石风化成土壤，在维持全球陆地生态系统功能（如养分循环、水文、气候调节等）方面发挥着重要作用。地衣型真菌占全球真菌总量的20％，且广泛分布于世界各地。虽然对局部地区地衣型真菌的特征和生态功能已有初步认知，但其全球分布模式与驱动机制仍未有相关研究报道。
我校资源与环境学院土壤微生物生态与环境健康团队同澳大利亚和西班牙相关科研人员展开合作，对全球范围内涵盖从沙漠到热带雨林9种典型生态系统类型的235个陆地生态系统进行实地调查采样，通过ITS扩增子测序和FunGuild数据库预测了880种地衣型真菌系统型。依据全球气候和土壤等环境数据，科研人员通过Cubist模型预测了全球地衣型真菌的多样性及主要类群的分布模式。研究发现，干旱指数、植被覆盖度和土壤pH是影响地衣型真菌分布的最重要因素。这些结果表明地衣型真菌具有明显的环境偏好性。该研究首次绘制出了全球地衣型真菌多样性和主要类群的复杂图景，研究结果对全球地衣型真菌的分布特征及生态功能提供了理论基础。
全球土壤地衣型真菌的空间分布（a,地衣型真菌的多样性；b,Verrucaria的相对丰度；c,Endocarpon的相对丰度）
资源与环境学院刘玉荣教授为论文第一作者和通讯作者，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学David J. Eldridge教授、西悉尼大学Brajesh K. Singh教授和Juntao Wang、西班牙巴布罗德奥拉维戴大学Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo教授、华中农业大学博士生曾晓敏也参与了该项研究。本研究获得了国家自然科学基金、国家重点研发计划和湖北省杰出青年自然科学基金等项目的资助。
审核人：刘玉荣
【英文摘要】
Lichens play crucial roles in sustaining the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems; however, the diversity and ecological factors associated with lichenized soil fungi remain poorly understood.To address this knowledge gap, we used a global field survey including information on fungal sequences of topsoils from 235 terrestrial ecosystems.We identified 880 lichenized fungal phylotypes across nine biomes ranging from deserts to tropical forests. The diversity and proportion of lichenized soil fungi peaked in shrublands and dry grasslands. Aridity index, plant cover and soil pH were the most important factors associated with the distribution of lichenized soil fungi. Further, we identified Endocarpon, Verrucaria and Rinodina as some of the most dominant lichenized genera across the globe, and they had similar environmental preferences to the lichenized fungal community. In addition, precipitation seasonality and mean diurnal temperature range were also important in predicting the proportion of these dominant genera. Using this information, we were able to create the first global maps of the richness and the proportion of dominant genera of lichenized fungi.This work provides new insight into the global distribution and ecological preferences of lichenized soil fungi, and supports their dominance in drylands across the globe.
相关论文链接：https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.17433
